The localization of noise sources in anechoic chambers is a complex task that requires the combination of multiple technologies and methods. Here are some commonly used noise source localization techniques:
 
1、 Use microphone array
 
1. Array layout
Arrange multiple microphones in an anechoic chamber to form an array. These microphones can be arranged in different shapes such as linear, circular, or rectangular to cover the entire testing area.
 
2. Signal acquisition
Use high-precision recording equipment to simultaneously collect signals from all microphones. These signals will be used for subsequent acoustic analysis and noise source localization.
 
3. Beamforming
By using digital signal processing technology, all microphone signals are combined into one beam. This beam can point in different directions to determine the location of the noise source.
 
2、 Using an acoustic camera
 
1. Equipment preparation
Prepare an acoustic camera, which is a device that integrates microphone array and camera function, and can simultaneously capture sound and image information.
 
2. Shooting noise sources
Aim the acoustic camera at the object under test and capture its noise source in working condition. Acoustic cameras can display the noise intensity in different areas through color coding, thereby helping to locate the noise source.
 
3. Data analysis
Analyze the captured noise image to determine the specific location and intensity of the noise source. Professional software tools can be used for data analysis and visualization.
 
3、 Using sonar system
 
1. System layout
Install an air sonar system inside the soundproof room, including multiple sonar probes and a central processing unit. These probes can be installed on walls, ceilings, or floors to cover the entire testing area.
 
2. Sound enhancement
Utilize the sound enhancement function of the sonar system to amplify the noise signal generated by the object under test, while filtering out other invalid sound signals.
 
3. Sound orientation
Real time calculation of the direction and location of noise sources using spatial information from sonar systems. Different formation dimensions can be used for flexible orientation to accurately locate noise sources.
 
4、 Using digital beamforming technology
 
1. Mathematical modeling
Establish a mathematical model for noise source localization system, including acoustic equations and signal processing algorithms. These models can help understand and predict the behavior and characteristics of noise sources.
 
2. Simulation testing
Conduct simulation testing on a computer to verify the performance and accuracy of the noise source localization system. Different testing scenarios and parameter settings can be used to optimize system design and parameter configuration.
 
3. Practical application
Applying digital beamforming technology to practical noise source localization tasks, such as mechanical noise source identification and localization of escalators. Hardware accelerators such as Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) can be used to improve the real-time performance and response speed of the system.
 
5、 Summary
 
The above are some commonly used techniques for locating noise sources in soundproof rooms, including the use of microphone arrays, acoustic cameras, sonar systems, and digital beamforming technology. These techniques can help engineers quickly and accurately locate noise sources, and take corresponding improvement measures and noise reduction plans. In future research, these techniques and methods can be further optimized to improve the efficiency and accuracy of noise source localization. Meanwhile, other advanced acoustic testing techniques such as 3D acoustic field scanning and acoustic holography can also be explored to obtain more comprehensive and in-depth noise information.