Noise control measures

On the one hand, the prevention and control of noise pollution depends on the development of noise control technology, on the other hand, it also depends on legislative management and administrative measures of the government. In particular, the management of environmental noise sources is very important for the prevention and control of noise pollution.

Basic approach of noise control

In China, the relevant standards stipulate that the noise in residential areas should not exceed 55 decibels during the day and should be less than 45 decibels at night. Some cities around the world have enacted restrictions on noise generated by traffic. In order to prevent noise, Chinese acoustician Professor Ma Dayou has summarized and studied the existing hazards and standards of various types of noise at home and abroad, and put forward three suggestions:

In order to protect people's hearing and physical health, the allowable noise value is 75~90 decibels.

② For conversation and communication, the allowable value of environmental noise is 45~60 decibels.

③ The recommended sleeping time is 35~50 decibels.

The psychology circle of our country believes that the control of noise environment should not only consider the human factor, but also take into account the economic and technical feasibility. Adequate noise control, considering the entire system of noise sources, transmission channels, and receivers. Noise control measures can be targeted at any one or all of the above three parts.

Noise control includes:

① Control the noise source. To reduce the noise of the sound source, the industry and transportation industry can choose low-noise production equipment and improve the production process, or change the movement of the noise source (such as damping, vibration isolation and other measures to reduce the vibration of the solid sound).

② Block noise propagation. Reduce noise in the transmission path, control the transmission of noise, change the transmission path of noise already emitted by the sound source, such as adopting measures such as sound absorption, sound insulation, sound barrier, vibration isolation, and rational planning of urban and building layout.

③ Reduce noise in the human ear. When measures cannot be taken on the source and transmission route of the sound, or the acoustic measures taken are still not effective, protective measures need to be taken on the recipient or the organ, such as workers exposed to long-term occupational noise can wear ear plugs, ear muds or helmets and other ear protectors.

Although noise control is now mature in technology, due to the large scale of modern industry and transportation industry, there are a large number of enterprises and places to take noise control, so in the prevention of noise issues, from the technical, economic and effect of a comprehensive balance. Of course, specific problems should be analyzed in detail. The intensity of noise should be low outside the control room, design room, workshop or place where employees work for a long time; The warehouse or few people go to the workshop or open place, and the noise is slightly higher. In short, there should be a certain difference in the treatment of noise without time, place, nature and duration.